• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Respiratory protection hood comprising a sealed flexible envelope (2) intended to be threaded onto a user's head, the flexible envelope being provided with a transparent window (20) and comprising, in its lower part, a source (3, 4) of gas enriched in oxygen and connected to an outlet orifice (7) opening into the internal volume of the flexible casing (2), characterized in that the hood (1) comprises a flexible suspension member (16) arranged at the interior of the flexible envelope (2), the suspension member (16) forming a cap (17, 18) having a surface smaller than the surface of the outer flexible envelope (2), at least a portion of the edge of the suspension member (16) is rigidly connected to the flexible envelope (2), in the position of use of the hood, the suspension member (16) resting on the top of the head of the user at an intermediate height between the base and the top of the hood (1).
    公开号:FR3024371A1
    申请号:FR1457491
    申请日:2014-08-01
    公开日:2016-02-05
    发明作者:Rachid Makhlouche；Christian Rolland；Vincent Graziani
    申请人:Air Liquide SA；LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to respiratory protective equipment. The invention relates more particularly to a respiratory protection hood, in particular for aircraft. The invention particularly relates to a hood comprising a flexible flexible envelope intended to be threaded onto the head of a user, the flexible envelope being provided with a transparent window and comprising, in its lower part, a source of oxygen-enriched gas. and connected an outlet opening opening into the internal volume of the flexible envelope.
    [0002] This type of device is conventionally used on board aircraft when the atmosphere of the cabin is flawed (depressurization, smoke, chemical agent, ...). This equipment must in particular allow the aircrew to fight the damage, rescue passengers and manage a possible evacuation of the aircraft.
    [0003] The technical specifications of these devices are defined according to classes of use (in-flight damage, protection against hypoxia at high altitude, emergency evacuation on the ground, etc.). Known respiratory protection equipment mainly uses two types of oxygen source: - a chemical bread (also called "chemical candle") generating oxygen by combustion (potassium superoxide - K02, sodium chlorate - NaC103, .. .), or - a compressed oxygen tank associated with a calibrated orifice. The hoods using the second type (oxygen tank under pressure associated with a calibrated orifice) thus generally contain a source of oxygen to supply a person with oxygen for fifteen minutes according to a predetermined gas flow profile. This equipment may also have in some cases a means of limiting the pressure inside the hood (for example a pressure relief valve).
    [0004] This technology using compressed oxygen in a sealed capacity associated with a calibrated orifice is safer. However, the installation and maintenance of the hood can in some cases be problematic for some users especially in stressful situations.
    [0005] Known respiratory protection devices generally use either a fully transparent outer shell or systems including buckles, straps or elastics for holding and adjusting. Even if the transparent outer envelopes do not follow the rotations of the head, the user can still see outside. These transparent envelopes (Kapton® type) are, however, generally less fire-resistant than opaque envelopes (coated Nomex® type). In addition, the ergonomics of these solutions is poor because the transparent envelope "floats" on the head of the user.
    [0006] In the other known solution, loops, straps or elastics are provided in the face and possibly torso or bust of the user. In this case, the visor or viewing window follows the movements of the user's head but the straps and loops require a time during assembly. In addition to the efforts and loss of time during assembly, this solution has the risk of forgetting wrong adjustments. In the end, the device may not follow the movements of the head and / or may interfere with the user. An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above. To this end, the hood according to the invention, moreover in accordance with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the hood comprises a flexible suspension member disposed inside the flexible envelope, the suspension member forming a cap having a surface smaller than the surface of the outer flexible envelope, at least a portion of the edge of the suspension member is rigidly connected to the flexible envelope, in position d use of the hood, the suspension member resting on the top of the user's head at a height intermediate the base and the top of the hood. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: at least a portion of the edge of the suspension member is rigidly connected to the flexible envelope at an intermediate height between the base and top of the hood, - the suspension member comprises at least a portion comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone, a rigid or semi-rigid portion, the suspension member comprises, from the rear towards the front of the hood, a rear portion comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone, and a first front portion comprising at least one of: rigid or semi-rigid portion, - said rear portion is connected to the rear portion of the flexible envelope, and is intended to rest on the rear portion of the top of the head of the user of the balaclava, - said rear portion is connected to the lower rear part of the flexible envelope, the hood comprises a second front portion situated at the front of the first front portion and comprising a rigid or semi-rigid piece forming a cap visor, one end of which is connected to the flexible envelope above the window, the oxygen enriched gas source comprises at least one oxygen oxygen tubular oxygen tank, the oxygen enriched gas source comprises at least one oxygen storage tank tubular oxygen of oxygen under pressure and a user expired carbon dioxide absorbent member in the flexible envelope, - the carbon dioxide absorbent member comprises a user expired gas lead cartridge in the flexible envelope, the filter cartridge comprising an inlet communicating with the internal volume of the flexible envelope and a filtered air outlet opening into the interior volume of the flexible envelope, the flexible envelope comprises a flexible diaphragm or a tight collar intended to be mounted around the neck of a user, the outlet orifice of the tubular oxygen reservoir and the filtered air outlet of the filter cartridge are relatively arranged to form a venturi device, - the source of oxygen-enriched gas is secured to the base of the flexible envelope.
    [0007] The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features. Other features and advantages will appear on reading the description below, with reference to the figures in which: - Figure 1 shows a side view, schematic and partially transparent, illustrating the structure of another example of Possible embodiment of a hood according to the invention, - Figure 2 shows a front view, schematic and partial, illustrating the hood of Figure 1, - Figure 3 shows a bottom view of a detail of the hood of FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic and partly transparent side view illustrating the structure of another possible embodiment of a hood according to the invention; FIG. 5 is a front view; , schematic and partial, illustrating the hood of Figure 4. Figure 1 shows schematically a hood 1 of respiratory protection comprising a flexible envelope 2 sealed with a transparent window 20 e intended and strung on a user's head.
    [0008] The flexible envelope 2 waterproof is composed for example of a fireproof or sealed waterproof textile, for example of the type marketed under the trademark Nomex® and coated with a waterproof coating and fireproof. This envelope 2 is intended to be threaded on the user's head to isolate the user's head from the outside environment and to integrate the features described below. To achieve a seal at the neck of the user and as described in Figure 3, the base of the flexible envelope 2 may comprise a flexible diaphragm or a tight collar 12 to be mounted around the neck of a user. For example, this lower flange 12 comprises a perforated plastic sheet (for example a polymer, especially a self-extinguishing polymer such as Neoprene) to allow the user's head to pass elastically and then tighten his neck thereafter. The lower hole for the head can be adapted to any neck perimeter between 28 and 42cm for example.
    [0009] The flexible envelope 2 preferably delimits a volume of about ten liters around the user's head which makes it possible to form a breathable gas buffer volume sufficient to absorb the user's ventilation peaks. This inflated volume also makes it possible to absorb any offset between the decreasing flow rate of an oxygen source 3 that delivers gas into the flexible envelope 2 and the relatively constant oxygen requirements of the user. Preferably, the flexible envelope 2 is provided on its front face with a curved visor treated anti-fog on its inner side and anti-scratch on its outer face forming a viewing window 20 for the user.
    [0010] As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flexible envelope 2 can also be provided with a voice membrane 21 to facilitate direct communication or via an intercom or through a megaphone. The hood 1 comprises a source 3, 4 of oxygen enriched gas comprising an outlet orifice 7 opening into the internal volume of the casing 2, preferably in the rear part of the hood 1. The oxygen reservoir (s) 3 have for example a volume between 0.20 and 0.4 liters and store gas at a pressure for example between 150 and 200 bar. The calibrated outlet orifice 7 has for example a diameter of between 0.04 and 0.15 mm to release for example between twenty and sixty liters of oxygen for fifteen minutes. Each tank 3 may consist of a tube made of stainless steel or other material, having a diameter of, for example, between 30 to 50 mm. For example, the source 3, 4 oxygen enriched gas is connected to the lower part (base) of the flexible envelope 2 and is positioned around the neck of the user. The source 3, 4 of gas may comprise one or more tanks of oxygen under pressure, for example one or more bent tubular tanks, if any, associated with a filter cartridge 4 intended to absorb the carbon dioxide exhaled by the 'user. The filtration cartridge 4 comprises, for example, an inlet communicating with the internal volume of the flexible envelope 2 (preferably at the front of the hood) and a filtered air outlet opening into the interior volume of the envelope 2 ( preferably at the back of the hood).
    [0011] Preferably, the filtration cartridge 4 uses soda lime in granules to capture the carbon dioxide. Of course, any other appropriate filtration system may be considered. For example, the filtration cartridge 4 may also use lithium hydroxide. The filtration product can be stored in the cartridge in the form of granules, sheets with channels or porous mattresses for example. In general, the system capturing carbon dioxide can be of the passive type (lining of the interior of the breathable volume by a compound that absorbs CO2) or active (the gas to be purified is captured and channeled through the element of filtration). The carbon dioxide fixation reaction is generally exothermic. This makes it possible to mix the relatively hot gases from the filter cartridge 4 with the relatively cooler oxygen leaving the reservoir 3. This makes it possible to maintain a gas temperature that is very acceptable for the user.
    [0012] Also preferably, the outlet of the tubular oxygen tank and the filtered air outlet 6 of the filter cartridge 4 can be arranged relatively (in particular concentrically and coaxially) to form a venturi device. This venturi device thus makes it possible to use the expansion energy of the gas supplied by the tank 3 under pressure to create a recirculation stream through the filter cartridge 4 (soda lime or lithium hydroxide). The oxygen is supplied by the oxygen reservoir 3 to the venturi which then generates a suction through the filter cartridge 4. The breathable mixture enriched with oxygen is delivered in the flexible envelope 2.
    [0013] Preferably, the venturi has a driving ratio (suction flow / injected flow rate) of between 10 and 20 over the injected flow rate range of 1 to 5 liters per minute, for example. This system for capturing carbon dioxide is thus independent of the user's breathing. In addition, during the first fifteen minutes of use, the venturi blows for example between twenty and forty five liters of gas per minute. This creates a noise (blowing) audible by the user. This allows him to know that the equipment is working properly.
    [0014] This active carbon dioxide filtration solution produced by the user can be supplemented (or replaced) by a passive filtration solution, such as: lining the interior of the breathable volume with a compound that absorbs carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide. positioning one or more panels of compounds that absorb carbon dioxide at the appropriate places (for example near the mouth of the user). According to an advantageous feature, the hood 1 has an internal structure as described below. Thus, the hood 1 may comprise, inside the flexible casing 2, a flexible suspension member 16. This suspension member 16 is fixed to the flexible casing 2 and forms a hood or inner cap having a lower surface area. the surface of the outer casing 2. At least a portion of the edge of the suspension member 16 is connected (glued, sewn or other) to the flexible envelope 2, preferably at a determined distance from the upper end of the flexible envelope 2. In this way; when the user puts on the hood 1, this suspension member 16 rests on the top of the user's head at a height intermediate the base and the top of the hood 1 (see FIG. That is to say that, especially when the hood 1 is under pressure (oxygen injected into the internal volume of the flexible envelope 2), the hood 1 rests (is suspended) by this member 16 of suspension on the top of the user's head. This makes it possible to distribute the weight of the hood 1 on the head of the user and also makes it possible not to rest the source 3, 4 of gas (tank (s), filter cartridge ...) on the shoulders of the user.
    [0015] In this way, the hood 1 can follow the movements of the head of the user, the window 20 remaining in particular always in front of the eyes of the user. In addition, this structure determines the viewing window vertical position with respect to the top of the user's head. The hood 1 can thus overcome a clamping loop and / or a strap to adjust to provide good support because there is a small dispersion of the head morphologies of potential users. The structure of the hood 1 is thus universal and adapts well to a large number of different users.
    [0016] In addition, this structure allows the outer shell 2 to inflate to form a sufficient buffer volume without "floating" and moving excessively around the head of the user. The suspension member 16 preferably comprises at least one portion 17 comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone, a rigid zone, a semi-rigid zone. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the suspension member 16 comprises, from the rear towards the front of the hood 1: a rear portion 17 comprising a flexible mesh, a first front portion 18 comprising a rigid piece or semi-rigid and a second piece 19 rigid or semi-rigid forming a cap visor. The rear portion 17 is connected to the rear portion of the flexible envelope, preferably at the lower base thereof. The end of the second front portion 19 (cap visor) is connected to the end. before the flexible envelope, preferably above the viewing window.
    [0017] This makes it possible to distance the transparent window from the user's face by a determined distance (see FIG. This facilitates the use of equipment with glasses and improves the comfort of users even those with large noses. Preferably, and as described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the suspension member 16 is also attached laterally to the flexible envelope 2 (on either side of the user's head. 17 back, preferably composed of a flexible mesh see elastic essentially rests on the back half of the head of the user and can easily adapt to users wearing buns or barrettes in the hair (stewardesses) This allows the hood 1 to fit and position itself correctly on any user by spreading the center of gravity of the hood 1 for the user's comfort. member 16 suspension could be formed of a single flexible or semi-rigid portion.
    [0018] Figures 4 and 5 illustrate an example of fixing points of the suspension member 16 to the flexible envelope 2. Preferably, the suspension member 16 is attached to the flexible envelope at the front, rear and side portions. For example, the suspension member 16 comprises four points of attachment to the flexible envelope 2: a front fixing point 26 (preferably above the viewing window), a rear fixing point 36 ( preferably at a height less than the front attachment point, see FIG. 4), two lateral attachment points 46, 56 located respectively on either side of the location for the user's head (for example at the height of the viewing window 20).
    [0019] Of course, alternatively, the suspension member 16 could be fixed (sewn, glued or otherwise) around its circumference to the flexible envelope 2. The suspension member 16 makes it possible to suspend the hood 1 and to refocus its center of gravity with respect to the head of the user by adapting to any type of hairstyle. This suspension system makes it possible to dissociate the functions of maintaining the hood and forming a buffer volume. Thus the hood 1 may be the adequate buffer volume while being well positioned and following the movements of the head. Thus, while being simple and inexpensive structure, the hood 1 according to the invention has many advantages over the prior art.
    [0020] In particular, the hood 1 has improved ergonomics offering the possibility of having a large volume of gas around the head of the user. Its structure, placement and wearing limits the risk of error, discomfort and the feeling of confinement. The hood has a universal structure that adapts to a wide dispersion of morphologies (sizes, glasses, hairstyles ...) The size is not increased and can even be reduced in the case of the foldable structure. In the example above, the internal suspension structure has been described in a hood equipped with a gas source comprising a pressurized oxygen tank. Of course, this internal structure (suspension member 16) can be used for any other type of hood, in particular using a gas source comprising a chemical candle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Respiratory protection hood comprising a sealed flexible envelope (2) intended to be threaded onto a user's head, the flexible envelope being provided with a transparent window (20) and comprising, in its lower part, a source (3, 4) of gas enriched in oxygen and connected to an outlet orifice (7) opening into the internal volume of the flexible casing (2), characterized in that the hood (1) comprises a flexible suspension member (16) arranged at the interior of the flexible envelope (2), the suspension member (16) forming a cap (17, 18) having a surface smaller than the surface of the outer flexible envelope (2), at least a portion of the edge of the suspension member (16) is rigidly connected to the flexible envelope (2), in the position of use of the hood, the suspension member (16) resting on the top of the head of the user at an intermediate height between the base and the top of the hood (1).
    [0002]
    2. Hood according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the edge of the member (16) of suspension is rigidly connected to the flexible casing (2) at an intermediate height between the base and the top of the hood (1).
    [0003]
    3. Hood according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the member (16) comprises at least a portion (17) comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, a zone elastic, a rigid or semi-rigid portion.
    [0004]
    4. Hood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the member (16) comprises, from the rear to the front of the hood (1), a portion (17) rear comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone, and a first portion (18) before comprising at least one of: rigid or semi-rigid portion.
    [0005]
    5. The hood according to claim 4, characterized in that said rear portion (17) is connected to the rear portion of the flexible envelope (2), and is intended to rest on the rear part of the crown of the head of the user of the hood (1).
    [0006]
    6. Hood according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said portion (17) rear is connected to the lower rear portion of the casing (2) flexible.
    [0007]
    7. Hood according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a second portion (18) front located at the front of the first portion (18) before and comprising a piece (19) rigid or semi-rigid forming a cap visor, one end of which is connected to the flexible envelope (2) above the window (20).
    [0008]
    8. Hood according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the source (3, 4) of oxygen-enriched gas comprises at least one reservoir (3) of tubular oxygen oxygen under pressure.
    [0009]
    9. Hood according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the source (3, 4) of oxygen-enriched gas comprises at least one reservoir (3) of tubular oxygen oxygen under pressure and an element. (4) Carbon dioxide absorbent exhaled by the user in the flexible envelope (2).
    [0010]
    10.Headshield according to claim 9, characterized in that the element (4) absorbing carbon dioxide comprises a cartridge (4) for filtering the gas exhaled by the user in the flexible envelope (2), the cartridge ( 4) comprising an inlet communicating with the internal volume of the flexible envelope (2) and an outlet (6) of filtered air opening into the interior of the flexible envelope (2).
    [0011]
    11. Hood according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the base of the flexible envelope (2) comprises a flexible diaphragm or a collar (12) sealed to be mounted around the neck of a user .
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10799726B2|2020-10-13|
    CN105311768B|2021-04-02|
    US20160030774A1|2016-02-04|
    FR3024371B1|2018-01-26|
    CN105311768A|2016-02-10|
    EP2979562A1|2016-02-03|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2015-08-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-05| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160205 |
    2016-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-08-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-08-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1457491A|FR3024371B1|2014-08-01|2014-08-01|RESPIRATORY PROTECTION HOOD|
    FR1457491|2014-08-01|FR1457491A| FR3024371B1|2014-08-01|2014-08-01|RESPIRATORY PROTECTION HOOD|
    EP15174734.2A| EP2979562A1|2014-08-01|2015-07-01|Breathing protection hood|
    US14/814,900| US10799726B2|2014-08-01|2015-07-31|Full hood respirator|
    CN201510463055.0A| CN105311768B|2014-08-01|2015-07-31|Full mask respirator|
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